RaspiNAS – DIY nas with a Raspberry

After more than one year with my NAS build over an ALIX, I bought a Raspberry pi 2 and I want to check if the “USB POWER BUG” is resolved now.

I don’t need an high speed NAS so the speed issue with the shared PCI link between USB hub and network adapter is not so important.

Advantages of a Raspberry pi 2 setup are:

  • Less power consumption: raspberry drain half the power of an Alix card
  • Flexibility: 4 USB ports instead of 2
  • Smaller: Raspberry Pi 2 is smaller than Alix board

So this is a copy&paste from my previous post, adapted for the new environment

Install Raspbian lite

Go to Raspbian download page and download the lite version

Install VIM
# apt-get install vim
Add new user
# useradd -m -s /bin/bash sarbyn
# passwd sarbyn
Add user to sudo
# visudo --- add user
Install NTFS-3G
# apt-get install ntfs-3g
Fstab and volumes
# mkdir /mnt/TimeMachine
# mkdir /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/TimeMachine

UUID=206606FF6606D606 /mnt/MUSIC ntfs-3g   rw,defaults     0       0
UUID=03c90579-88f0-4478-ae8d-adc64972a07d /mnt/TimeMachine ext4 defaults 0 0
Samba
# apt-get install samba samba-common-bin
# service samba stop
# mv /var/lib/samba /var/tmp/samba
# ln -s /var/tmp/samba /var/lib/samba
# smbpasswd -a sarbyn
[mnt]
path = /mnt
read only = Yes
guest only = Yes
guest ok = Yes

[mnt_RW]
path = /mnt
read only = No
valid user = sarbyn
browseable = yes
writable = yes
SSH
$ mkdir .ssh
$ chmod 0700 .ssh/
$ cd .ssh
$ ls
$ vim authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

Disable root login and plaintext login in /etc/ssh/sshd_config file

Transmission
# apt-get install transmission-daemon
# service transmission-daemon start
FIX cracklib config

I don’t know if it is required with new Jessie debian version…but I’ve repeated it

# apt-get install cracklib-runtime
# create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/*

Before
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts

AFTER
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 412696 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22968 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts
# cd /usr/lib/
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.hwm
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwd
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwi
Netatalk

*DON’T USE NETATALK FROM DEBIAN REPOS*
The older version of netatalk are VERY…VERY unstable. Download the sources from Netatalk site and follow —> this tutorial <—

# apt-get install build-essential libevent-dev libssl-dev libgcrypt11-dev libkrb5-dev libpam0g-dev libwrap0-dev libdb-dev libtdb-dev libmysqlclient-dev avahi-daemon libavahi-client-dev libacl1-dev libldap2-dev libcrack2-dev systemtap-sdt-dev libdbus-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libglib2.0-dev tracker libtracker-sparql-1.0-dev libtracker-miner-1.0-dev 
# apt-get install avahi-daemon

# insserv avahi-daemon
# insserv netatalk
# /etc/init.d/avahi-daemon start
# /etc/init.d/netatalk start

Edit “/usr/local/etc/afp.conf”.

[Global]
; Global server settings
uam list = uams_dhx.so,uams_dhx2.so
set password = yes

[MusicAFP]
    path = /mnt/MUSIC

[TimeMachineAFP]
    path = /mnt/TimeMachine
    time machine = yes

Add user to Netatalk (using the SHORT password)

# afppasswd -an sarbyn
FIX BOOT

The NTFS volume does not mount at boot, so add some lines on /etc/rc.local

# vim /etc/rc.local

service transmission-daemon stop
mount -a
swapon /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
service transmission-daemon start

# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
NOIP client
# wget http://www.no-ip.com/client/linux/noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# tar xzf noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# cd no-ip-2.1.9
# make
# make install
# sudo noip2 -U 60
Install RPI monitor

Rpi monitor is a small web application that shows usage statistics of a raspberry pi board. Install rpi monitor following this link
Configure /etc/rpimonitor/storage.conf in order to setup storage monitoring and edit the /etc/rpimonitor/data.conf in order to include the storage.conf entry.

Optional – MiniDLNA support

If you need miniDLNA support follow this link

Final step – do a MicroSD backup

Now is all setted up but it’s better to do a MicroSD backup using dd

# dd if=DISK of=raspinas-backup.img bs=1m

Alix.2D + Voyage Linux = a DIY home NAS

This is my 3th attempt to build a DIY home nas.
The first attempt with a Raspberry PI was a disaster: the well-known “USB POWER BUG” makes my NAS (with 2 USB DISK) pretty unstable.
The second attempt with an ALIX board + voyage linux crashes without any reason, but I admit that the initial setup was a mess…

The goal is:

  • An home NAS with 2 external USB: a little one EXT-4 for my mac TimeMachine (using Netatalk) and a bigger one NTFS as a generic storage (using Samba)
  • TrasmissionDaemon with WEB interface, as thin torrent client

Now is up and running. But if it will die again I think that I will buy a QNAP 🙂

Install VOYAGE LINUX

Read the Voyage Linux README

Install VIM
# apt-get install vim
Fix sudo
# chown -R root:root /usr/bin/sudo
# chmod u+s /usr/bin/sudo
# chown root:root /usr/lib/sudo/sudoers.so
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers.d/
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers.d/README
# chown root:root /var/lib/sudo

visudo --- add user
Add new user
# useradd -m -s /bin/bash sarbyn
# passwd sarbyn
Install NTFS-3G
# apt-get install ntfs-3g
Fstab and volumes
# mkdir /mnt/TimeMachine
# mkdir /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/TimeMachine

UUID=206606FF6606D606 /mnt/MUSIC ntfs-3g   rw,defaults     0       0
UUID=03c90579-88f0-4478-ae8d-adc64972a07d /mnt/TimeMachine ext4 defaults 0 0
Enable swap file
# mkswap /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
# swapon /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
Samba
# apt-get install samba samba-common-bin
# service samba stop
# mv /var/lib/samba /var/tmp/samba
# ln -s /var/tmp/samba /var/lib/samba
# smbpasswd -a sarbyn
[mnt]
path = /mnt
read only = Yes
guest only = Yes
guest ok = Yes

[mnt_RW]
path = /mnt
read only = No
valid user = sarbyn
browseable = yes
writable = yes

Next add these directories to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache”

SSH
$ mkdir .ssh
$ chmod 0700 .ssh/
$ cd .ssh
$ ls
$ vim authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

Disable root login and plaintext login in /etc/ssh/sshd_config file

Transmission
# apt-get install transmission-daemon
# service transmission-daemon stop
# cp settings.json /etc/transmission-daemon/
# service transmission-daemon start

Next add transmission directories to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon”

FIX cracklib config
# apt-get install cracklib-runtime
# create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/*

Before
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts

AFTER
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 412696 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22968 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts
# cd /usr/lib/
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.hwm
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwd
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwi
Netatalk

*DON’T USE NETATALK FROM DEBIAN REPOS*
The older version of netatalk are VERY…VERY unstable. Download the sources from Netatalk site and follow —> this tutorial <—

# apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libgcrypt11-dev libkrb5-dev libpam0g-dev libwrap0-dev libdb-dev libmysqlclient-dev libavahi-client-dev libacl1-dev libldap2-dev libcrack2-dev systemtap-sdt-dev libdbus-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libglib2.0-dev tracker libtracker-sparql-0.14-dev libtracker-miner-0.14-dev

Next add /usr/local/var/netatalk to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon /usr/local/var/netatalk”

# apt-get install avahi-daemon

# insserv avahi-daemon
# insserv netatalk
# /etc/init.d/avahi-daemon start
# /etc/init.d/netatalk start

Edit “/usr/local/etc/afp.conf”.

[Global]
; Global server settings
uam list = uams_dhx.so,uams_dhx2.so
set password = yes

[MusicAFP]
    path = /mnt/MUSIC

[TimeMachineAFP]
    path = /mnt/TimeMachine
    time machine = yes

Add user to Netatalk (using the SHORT password)

# afppasswd -an sarbyn
FIX BOOT

The NTFS volume does not mount at boot, so add some lines on /etc/rc.local

# vim /etc/rc.local

service transmission-daemon stop
mount -a
swapon /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
service transmission-daemon start

# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
Fix timezone
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Amsterdam /etc/localtime
NOIP client
# wget http://www.no-ip.com/client/linux/noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# tar xzf noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# cd no-ip-2.1.9
# make
# make install

Next add /usr/local/etc/ to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon /usr/local/var/netatalk /usr/local/etc”

PUT APT cache on external disk
# remountrw
# cd /var/cache
# rm apt
# ln -s /mnt/MUSIC/APT_CACHE/ apt
# remountro
Clear APT cache
# apt-get clean
Final step – do a CompactFlash backup

Now is all setted up but it’s better to do a CompatFlash backup using dd

# dd if=DISK of=voyage-backup.img bs=1m
EXTRA – Mount image done with DD
# apt-get install kpartx
# kpartx -a MUSIC/backup_voyage_2014_10_09.iso
# mount /dev/mapper/loop0p1 /mnt/cf -o loop,ro

CanonTimer Version 1

Welcome to my first Arduino DIY project. I need a intervalometer in order to do some time-lapse video. On amazon or ebay you can find a standard timer for less than 40€ but I want to build it by myself 🙂

A lot of DIY timer can be discovered using Google, but this is too simple. So I bought an Arduino Uno, some electronics parts, and now I can share my CanonTimer project with the first version!

SchemaYou can found the Arduino code and schematics on my Bitbuchet GIT repository.

In this first version the user interface is very simple:  there are nine hardcoded delays assigned to nine different programs

  • 5 seconds – Program 0
  • 10 seconds – Program 1
  • 15 seconds – Program 2
  • 30 seconds – Program 3
  • 45 seconds – Program 4
  • 60 seconds – Program 5
  • 90 seconds – Program 6
  • 120 seconds – Program 7
  • 180 seconds – Program 8
  • 300 seconds – Program 9

You can select the time delay using the right button. Once the program is selected, you can start the timer using the left button. Every XX seconds the led will blink.

Yes…the led…in this first version there isn’t a real connection to a Canon Camera. In the upcoming releases I will introduce some other improvements:

  • Wired connection to the Canon Camera 🙂
  • A more complete user interface, without hardcoded time delays but with a 4 digit 7-segment display and (+) and (-) buttons in order to specify a custom delay